Structure and function of the skin pdf

It is a protective covering for the skeletal system and vital organs. The skin is the interface between humans and their environment. Anatomy and physiology of the skin 3 or stratum spinosum murphy, 1997. Even with the naked eye one can see that with the exception of the palm and sole the whole of the skin is covered with hairs. The skin is the largest organ of the body, with a total area of about 20 square feet. The epidermis, outer layer of the skin, consists of many layers of closely packed cells, the most superficial of which are flattened and filled with keratins. It introduces their basic structural subunits and points out major steps in the biosynthesis and supramolecular processing of fibrillar collagens as prototypical members of this protein. Structure of the skin what is the function of the skin. Skin performs many beneficial functions but it does undergo changes and damage. The dermis contains hair roots, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, nerves, and blood vessels. Learn about the skins function and conditions that may affect the skin.

Sweat pores fed by sweat glands open to the cristae cutis arrows. Understanding the structure and function of the skin. Oct 28, 2014 this feature is not available right now. The skin, which is also called the cutaneous membrane, forms a protective, waterproof outer covering for the whole body. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Pdf structure and function of skin, hair and nails. Pdf structure and function of skin, hair and nails joey. A detailed appreciation of the development, structure and function of human skin is fundamental to understanding diseases that originate in or target the skin. The skin plays an important role in providing sensory information of the external environment so the internal environment can adjust and regulate heat, absorption, excretion and secretion. The skin and its accessory structures make up the integumentary system, which provides the body with overall protection. The epidermis is an elastic layer on the outside that is continually being regenerated. Pdf on jan 1, 2006, monteiroriviere na and others published structure and function of skin find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Most of the cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes. Course one describes the structure and function of the skin barrier, including its role in the bodys immune processes.

Structure and function of the skin wound care education. See how the skin is involved in the regulation of body temperature. Nov 25, 2019 nurses observe the skin of their patients daily and it is important they understand the skin so they can recognise problems when they arise. Ageing and illness take their toll, while wounds, burns and skin diseases, including cancer, can damage this organ. Skin is the soft outer tissue which covers vertebrates. Pdf structure and function of ethnic skin and hair. It is a waterproof, airtight and flexible barrier between the environment and internal organs. It consists of two layers, the epidermis and the dermis, which work closely together. The primary function of the skin is to act as a barrier. Webmd s skin anatomy page provides a detailed image of the skin and its parts as well as a medical definition. The structure and function of skin jama jama network. The main function of the skin, its structure and the relationship between the skin, circulatory and nervous system.

The epidermis, or outer layer, has four or five distinct. It keeps the internal environment of our body stable. The structure and function of skin 3rd edition elsevier. It is the outermost sc layer that affords the barrier properties of the skin and it regulates the flux of chemicals and fluids between the external environment and the body 1,2. Although you may not typically think of the skin as an organ, it is in fact made of tissues that work together as a single structure to perform unique and critical functions. The total skin surface of an adult ranges from 1220 square feet. Human skin is a uniquely engineered organ that permits terrestrial life by regulating heat and water loss from the body whilst preventing the ingress of noxious chemicals or microorganisms. The skin structure can be broadly categorized into the nonviable epidermis called stratum corneum sc, the viable epidermis and dermis. The skin is divided into several layers, as shown in fig 1. It protects our internal organs from the environment using a multilayered system of cushioning, a cellular barrier, and protective oils.

The dermis is divided into a superficial papillary dermis and deeper reticular dermis. A great deal of research has focused on the stratum corneum, the primary skin barrier. Draw a label diagram of the skin and describe its structures and key parts see diagram attached the skin is the largest organ in the human body. The squamous layer is composed of a variety of cells that differ in shape, structure, and subcellular properties depending on their location. The skin tissue houses within its structure other important constituents. The skin comprises 15% of the total adult body weight. The primary function of the dermis is to cushion the body from stress and strain, and to also provide. Loss of or defects in skin structure impair skin function. Structure and functions of the skin clinical dermatology. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 116k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Skin dis ease is discussed in more detail in the other.

Structure and function of the skin msd manual consumer version. The skin is the human bodys its largest organ, covering. This chapter discusses the structure, histology, and function of the skin. In direct contact with the outside environment, the skin helps to maintain four.

In terms of chemical composition the skin is about 70% water, 25% protein and 2% lipids. Drug penetration and permeation through the skin are greatly influenced by the structural properties of the skin and the physicochemical properties of the drug. The functions of all these components are listed in table 2. It is also the largest organ of the human body, providing around 10% of the body mass of. The dermis is mostly connective tissue, and it protects the body from stress and strain. The structure and function of skin, third edition is devoted to all matters pertaining to the structure and function of the skin. The skin is the largest organ in the body, comprising about 15% of body weight. It has three main layers, the epidermis, the dermis and the subcutaneous layer. These processes include barrier and immunologic functions, melanin production, vitamin d synthesis, sensation, temperature regulation, protection from trauma and aesthetics. Structure and function of skin biology for majors ii.

Skin care questions common skin complaints, treatments, hair removal techniques and more. View skin problems such as sun burn, skin cancer and acne. This article, the first in a twopart series on the skin, looks at its structure and function. The dermis is divided into a papillary region and a reticular region. The structural architecture of skin and the important molecules that maintain this structure are also included in this course section. Supra basal spinous cells, for example, are polyhedral in shape and have a rounded nucleus, whereas cells of the upper. As such, penetration enhancement techniques largely focus on manipulating these two key factors. The outermost level, the epidermis, consists of a specific constellation of cells known as keratinocytes, which function to synthesize keratin, a long, threadlike protein with a protective role. In humans, it is the bodys largest organ, covering a total area of about 20 square feet. Renewal of the skin barrier through the unique process of exfoliation is described. The skin is an organ that provides the outer protective wrapping for all the body parts. Request pdf the structure and function of skin the skin is the largest organ of the body, accounting for more than 10% of body mass, and the one that. Drawing upon the accumulated data derived from embryology, histology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, this book presents an overview of skin, with emphasis on human skin.

Purchase the structure and function of skin 3rd edition. Understanding the physiology and function of skin will give useful insights into a patients state of health. Structure and functions of the skin skin structure. Choose from 500 different sets of structure of skin functions flashcards on quizlet. Learn structure of skin functions with free interactive flashcards. Skin functions, structure and relationship with the body.

The third and deepest layer of the skin is the subcutaneous fat. The epidermis is composed of 4 layersthe stratums basale, spinosum, granulosum, and corneum. Beneath the surface of the skin are nerves, nerve endings, glands, hair follicles, and blood vessels. At the boundary between the epidermis and dermis are fingerlike projecting structures the dermal papillae that project into the overlying tis sue the epidermis fig. They originate from cells in the deepest layer of the epidermis called the basal layer. Beneath the dermis lies the hypodermis or subcutaneous fatty tissue. The function and structure of the skin clinical dermatology. Skin is composed of the epidermis, dermis, and adnexal structures. The skin protects us from microbes and the elements, helps regulate body temperature, and permits the. Structure of the skin layers of skin types of skin types of skin cells integumentary system duration. The structure and function of skin request pdf researchgate.